Basics
| IP | Meaning | Usual name |
|---|---|---|
| 127.0.0.1 | Loopback address, primarly for debugging and connecting to local servers | localhost |
| 127.0.1.1 | Mapping of hostname to IP in case network is not available. For systems with permanent IP, permanent IP should be used instead of 127.0.1.1 | $(hostname) |
To get/set system name use: hostname
To get DNS domain name use: dnsdomainname
To set DNS domain name (or rather FQDN: Fully Qualified Domain Name, which consists of hostname concatenated with domain name) use fqdn aliases for 127.0.1.1 in /etc/hosts (e.g. 127.0.1.1 myhostname.my.domain.com myhostname). Setting DNS domain may cause troubles in case of multi-interface nodes.
Debian-based OSes net config
Static network configuration in /etc/network/interfaces:
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 192.0.2.7
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.0.2.254
DNS servers IP addresses reside in /etc/resolv.conf
Usage of NetworkManager
NetworkManager can read /etc/network/interfaces file if configured to do so via /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
[ifupdown]
managed=true
To disable NetworkManager for given interface:
[main]
plugins=ifupdown,keyfile
[ifupdown]
managed=true
#this section allows network manager to stop managing specified interface
[keyfile]
unmanaged-devices=mac:aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff